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Azerbaijan

20% decrease in conditional fuel used for 1 kw of energy by 2015 against a 2006 baseline

Increase of forested area from 11% to as much as 20% of total area of country by 2030

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Central and West Asia are among the fastest-warming regions, with temperatures rising by 0.2–0.4°C per decade. Glacier systems in the Pamir and Tien Shan ranges are retreating rapidly; projections indicate over 50 per cent of glacier volume could be lost by 2100. This cryosphere meltdown is disrupting water cycles, threatening the livelihoods and food security of over 340 million people across nine countries. The most vulnerable are women, smallholder farmers, and micro-entrepreneurs who depend on glacier-fed rivers for crops and hydropower. Without urgent intervention, communities risk worsening poverty, displacement, and instability.

The Glaciers to Farms (G2F) Programme responds to this crisis by integrating climate science into development planning and deploying concrete adaptation measures in glacier-dependent river basins. The programme focuses 100 per cent on adaptation and aligns with national priorities, including National Adaptation Plans (NAP), Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

This project includes several components, including climate-informed planning tools, the development of bankable adaptation projects and new financing approaches such as outcome-based resilience bonds. It aims to expand capacity within Ministries of Finance, Planning and Environment to apply climate budgeting and screening tools. G2F will support the creation of infrastructure for climate finance, mentoring for agriculture enterprises, and design of cross-border pilot projects.

G2F will deliver substantial, measurable improvements in climate resilience for communities and ecosystems. The programme aims to reduce the vulnerability of approximately 45 million people across nine countries by providing more stable water and food supplies, infrastructure that can withstand shocks, stronger social safety nets, and healthier ecosystems.

GCF Project Preparation Facility (PPF) support was provided to conduct feasibility studies and stakeholder consultations across all nine countries, which was instrumental in refining the programme’s design.

The global climate crisis is interconnected with water, leading to greater variability in the water cycle, diminished resources, and rising CO2 emissions from inadequate water and sanitation infrastructure. There is an urgent need for improved and expanded water and sanitation systems. However, several challenges must be addressed, including strengthened policies and regulations, enhanced project preparation, long-term financing, and affordability.

The Facility will overcome the challenges with two main components: a public-private partnership structuring component that will fund project preparation, structuring, and transaction advisory activities for national and subnational beneficiaries and a concessional finance component that provides eligible projects with concessional co-investments.

GCF funding will support technical assistance for project preparation, structuring, and capacity building. This will ensure climate considerations are integrated into project design and that implementing entities have the necessary skills to manage climate-resilient infrastructure. GCF’s USD 250-million loan commitment will help bridge the viability gap for projects incorporating climate resilience measures, which often have higher upfront costs but greater long-term benefits.

Azerbaijan is facing an escalating level of climate-induced vulnerability. This increased risk is leading to water stress, heatwaves, extreme rainfall and increased frequency and severity of flood events, mudflows and landslides.

Limited access to usable climate information and early warning systems means these hazards challenge the country's agriculture, water resources, coastal areas, and public health sectors. They also threaten the lives, livelihoods, ecosystems, and assets of vulnerable communities.

The project aims to foster effective early warning communication, disaster preparedness and anticipatory action. It will raise awareness and understanding of climate hazards and their associated risks.  The project will enhance Azerbaijan’s capability to coordinate and systematically collect data and generate and deliver timely, reliable, and tailored climate information and early warnings. 

The project will support the country in developing a weather forecasting and warning production process and system. This will enable efficient and timely dissemination of information at a sufficient scale and scope to increase risk knowledge and improve the population's disaster preparedness and response capabilities.

<p>The project seeks to address the repercussions of the primary environmental hazards identified, mitigating their influence on both human settlements and the surrounding natural environment: (i) fluctuations in sea levels and potential decrease; (ii) heightened occurrences of floods; (iii) more intense drought conditions; and (iv) increased heat in the Caspian Sea coasts, with a specific focus on Azerbaijan. Adaptation measures for these primary hazards will be examined in conjunction with ongoing urbanization processes, employing an integrated approach to spatial and coastal planning, innovation, knowledge sharing, access to resources, and management capacity.</p>

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