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Brazil

Restore and reforest 12 million hectares of forest by 2030

zero illegal emissions in from the Amazon by 2030

do not exceed 3,925 km sq. of deforestation by 2020

recovery of 15 million hectares of degraded pastures

40% reduction in annual deforestation rates in the Cerrado Biome in relation to the average of the period 1999-2008

80% reduction in annual deforestation rates in Amazon in relation to the average of the period 1996-2005

expansion of forest planting by 3 million hectares

expansion of biological nitrogen fixation in 5.5 million hectares of cultivated areas, replacing the use of nitrogen fertilizers

expansion of the practice of no-till straw by 8 million hectares

expansion of crop-livestock-forestry system by 4 million hectares

reduce projected 2020 CO2 emissions by 1,168-1,259 million tonnes

reduce projected emissions by 36.1-38.9% by 2020

Stop the net-loss of forest cover by 2015

Reduce CO2 emissions by an additional 21.8 million tonnes by 2020 compared to decree 7390/2010

Reduce CO2 emissions by 1.255bn tonnes according to decree 7390/2010

Reduce between 36.1% and 38.9% of its projected emissions by 2020 against a 2010 baseline

Maximum levels of energy consumption and energy efficiency for products built or sold in Brazil by N/A

Implementation of the National Policy for Energy Efficiency that will result in a gradual energy saving up to 106 TWh/year to be reached in 2030, avoiding emissions of around 30 million tons of CO2 in that year by 2030 against a 2007 baseline

Replacement of one million old fridges per year, for ten years, with the collection of three million tCO2eq/year of CFCs (gases that also deplete the ozone layer) by 2017 against a 2007 baseline

Reduction of non-technical losses in the electricity distribution at a rate of 1,000 GWh per year over the next ten years, which currently are around 22,000 GWh per year. This will represent a reduction in energy wastage of 400 GWh per year. On average, around 25% (100 GWh per year) of this energy will no longer be produced by thermo power plants.  by 2017 against a 2007 baseline

Preserving forests at the levels stipulated in the previous objective, double the area of forest plantation from 5.5 million ha to 11 million ha in 2020, of which two million ha with native species

The sustainable Forest Management Plan (PMFS) should present a geographically defined area destined to the absolute reserve, representative of managed forest ecosystems, equivalent to at least 5% (5%) of the total area granted for biodiversity conservation and evaluation and monitoring of the impacts of forest management .

By 2026, the total area with forest concessions of the Union shall not exceed twenty percent (20%) of the total area of its public forests available for concession, except for located in national forests created pursuant to art. 17 of Law 9,985 of July 18, 2000.

Reduction of 40% in the average deforestation rate by 2006-2009 period in relation to the average rate of the ten years reference period used in the Amazon Fund (1996-2005). For each of the next two periods of four years, reach 30% of extra reduction, in relation to the previous period.     In the case of the Amazon bioma, achieving this specific objective can avoid emissions of around 4.8 billion tons of carbon dioxide between 2006 and 2017, considering a biomass carbon stock of 100 tC/ha. This value will be revaluated after the completion of the carbon stocks inventory, to be supported by the National Forest Inventory.  by 2006-2009 compared with a 1996-2005 scenario

Increase electricity supply from cogeneration, mainly from sugarcane bagasse, to 11.4% of the total supply in the country, in 2030, corresponding to 136 TWh by 2030 against a 2007 baseline

Energy from wind and sugarcane bagasse - Increasing the share of these sources in the electric matrix through specific auctions of renewable energy. More than 7,000 MW of renewable sources will be implemented by 2010 in accordance with the results of the Program of Incentives for Alternative Sources of Electric Energy - PROINFA and the auctions already carried out.

Biodiesel - ongoing studies to anticipate from 2013 to 2010 the obligation to add 5% to diesel by 2010 against a 2007 baseline

Encouragement of the use of water solar power heating systems, reducing electricity consumption in 2,200 GWh per year by 2015 against a 2007 baseline

34,460 MW from new hydropower plants to be added to the system in accordance with the schedule of works of the Ten Year Energy Plan (2007-2016)

Ethanol - encourages industry to achieve an average annual consumption increase of 11% by 2017. Produced from crops raised in areas de ned in the Sugarcane Zoning Program, currently being implemented, it should prevent the emission of 508 million tCO2 during the period.

Levels of biodiesel and biofuel from biomass in available fuels; biodiesel at 5% (law 11.097) and 8 to 10% (law 13.033) by 2010, 2017, 2018, 2019 against 2005, 2014, 2016 baselines

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Accelerate the adoption, scale-up, and investment in Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for cooling and addressing extreme heat.

To promote policy coherence by aligning Brazil’s regional financing instruments with environmental, social and economic priorities, with a focus on the bioeconomy pillar  of the Ecological Transformation Plan (ETP)

The Amazon biome is a vital global climate regulator. It is home to 47 million people, including 2.2 million Indigenous Peoples. The region is threatened by rising temperatures, prolonged droughts, extreme weather, and deforestation. Seventeen per cent of the forest is already lost, and another 17 per cent is degraded. Weak governance is exacerbating risks. The region is nearing a potential tipping point: if deforestation reaches 20 to 25 per cent, the forest could irreversibly shift to a savannah-like ecosystem, unleashing massive carbon emissions, destabilising rainfall patterns, and eroding biodiversity. Vulnerable communities are at the centre of both the challenges and the solutions.

The Amazonia Viva Programme aims to reduce over 8 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent over 30 years and enhance climate resilience for three million people across six countries. It targets Indigenous Peoples, persons of African descent, women, youth, the elderly, and people with disabilities. The project targets 183 million hectares of protected areas (out of 776 million hectares in the basin) and 45.6 million hectares of Indigenous Peoples’ territories (out of 237 million hectares) for improved low-emission and/or climate-resilient management.

The programme focuses on territories with low human development indicators, poverty, limited infrastructure, and a high dependence on natural resources. This combination leaves Indigenous Peoples and local communities vulnerable to climate shocks and systemic exclusion from markets, finance, and decision-making. To address these challenges, the programme strengthens land tenure and rights, promotes sustainable land use such as agroforestry, enhances food security and resilience, and fosters participatory governance. It also tackles financial barriers by providing technical assistance, institutional support, and dedicated financing windows for sustainable value chains, including measures to overcome gender-specific obstacles in access to credit.

Brazil is Latin America’s largest economy and a leader in the global effort to stabilise the climate. With a nominal GDP of USD 2.18 trillion in 2024 and deep integration into global agrifood, energy, and mineral value chains, the credibility of its decarbonisation pathway carries significant implications for implementing the Paris Agreement. Brazil’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) commit to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 59 per cent below 2005 levels by 2035 and achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. However, Brazil faces a substantial climate finance gap, and public resources dominate the financial flows, making progress vulnerable to political and fiscal shifts.

GEF Brasil aims to establish the USD 325 million GEF Latam IV Fund to support middle-market companies in Brazil with climate mitigation and adaptation solutions that align with Brazil’s climate priorities. The fund is a private equity investment vehicle that plans to make 8 to 10 investments to provide scalable climate technologies, ensuring they have sufficient capital to grow and achieve a greater impact.

Key investment areas include clean energy, sustainable agriculture, and urban solutions. The fund will invest in businesses that expand clean energy infrastructure, improve energy storage, foster breakthrough energy efficiency technologies and sustainable supply chains for the clean energy transition. GEF Latam IV will also support regenerative agriculture, sustainable agribusinesses, precision agriculture, and cutting-edge food production technologies that optimise resource usage while minimising environmental impact. GEF Latam IV will invest in improving waste management, recycling, water saving, and efficient transportation in the urban solutions sector to help cities become cleaner and more sustainable.

It was developed under GCF’s Project-specific Assessment Approach (PSAA).

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